Primary recovery of lipase derived from Burkholderia sp. ST8 with aqueous micellar two-phase system

The partitioning and recovery of lipase derived from Burkholderia sp. ST8 strain was explored using temperature-induced aqueous micellar two-phase system (AMTPS) composed of single nonionic surfactant. Nonionic surfactant Triton X-114 and Pluronic series (triblock copolymer) were evaluated in terms of their clouding phenomenon (cloud-point temperature) and the performance of the lipase partitioning in these AMTPSs. Pluronic L81 showed the most optimum partition efficiency for the recovery of lipase to the micellar phase of the AMTPS. Based on the AMTPS which consisted of 24 (w/w) Pluronic L81 and 0.5 (w/w) potassium chloride (KCl), the selectivity of lipase partitioned to bottom phase has been enhanced to 0.035 and the lipase was purified 7.2 fold. Furthermore, the lipase from the micellar phase was consecutively extracted to a new aqueous solution, with an aim of removing the surfactant from the purified lipase. It was attained by replacing the aqueous top phase from the primary recovery of AMTPS with a new potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) solution. The lipase was then recovered in the newly formed bottom aqueous phase which culminated in the yield of 89 and partition coefficients of 0.34 and 4.50 for lipase and surfactant, respectively. AMTPS offers a convenient and efficient method for the primary recovery of lipase with low cost, large loading capacity and the potential of linear scale up. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Wideband LTCC CPW-fed two-layered monopole antenna

10.1049/el:20051921Electronics Letters4116889-890ELLE

Infectivity and development of Metagonimus yokogawai in experimentally infected domestic ducks (Cairina moschata)

Information concerning whether fowl Such as duck is a suitable reservoir host of Metagonimus yokogawai is largely unclear to date In the present Study, the growth and development of M yokogawai metacercaria (Mc) in domestic duck (Carma moschata) was determined by worm recovery rate (WRR) and morphological changes e.g, the size of fluke's body as well as their internal organs was assessed by using Semichon's acetocarmine staining. Each duck was orally inoculated with 50 Mcs of M yokogawal and infected ducks were deeply anesthetized with ether and killed at 1, 2, 3. 4, 5, 6, 7, and 14 days post-infection (DPI) On each date, two infected ducks were killed and the small intestines of each duck were separated into four parts then they were opened longitudinally to harvest the flukes. Results revealed that WRR of M yokogawal from inoculated ducks increased during early infection with a peak as seen at 4 DPI (28 5 +/- 6 9%), thereafter it gradually decreased and a drastic decline was observed Ill 14 DPI (2 0 +/- 1 1%) in the trial. The preference sites for M yokogawai were low portions of the small intestine. nevertheless the size Of fluke's body and organs developed increasingly with time and they maturated to produce ova from 4 DPI onward in the trial However. present results indicated that ducks. based oil the findings of this study, are not suitable hosts for establishment of M yokogawai infection because most flukes were expelled from duck's intestine within 14 days Nevertheless, it was proposed that ducks might play a certain role in transmitting M yokogawai when they deposited the ova via feces into marsh where snails and fish were abundant since they could presumably establish transient and possibly patent infections with this parasite Crown Copyright (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B V All rights reserve

Parasitosis of short-finned eel, Anguilla australis schmidti, in Taiwan

In Taiwan, a local fish farm had imported 300 short-finned eels, Anguilla australis schmidti, from an unknown country. The infected eels showed anorrhexia, poor appetite, lost of activity, and a decreased escape-reaction. In five weeks, about 130 short-finned eels died. The total mortality was above 43% (130/300). The results of necropsy of the eels included petechial hemorrhages on the surface of the stomach serosa and serious atrophy of fat tissue. Simultaneously, adult red worms were discovered in the peritoneal cavity, abdominal wall, organs, and intestinal serosa of those diseased eels. Identification of parasites revealed five different species of parasites: Anisakis sp., Eustrongyloides sp., Echinorhynchus gadi, Lepidopus caudatus, and Brachyphallus crenatu. This is the first case of multiple internal parasite infection in cultured short-finned eels in Taiwan

Optimizing vancomycin dosing in chronic kidney disease by deriving and implementing a web-based tool using a population pharmacokinetics analysis

Frontiers in Pharmacology10JUN64

High density SNP and SSR-based genetic maps of two independent oil palm hybrids

BACKGROUND: Oil palm is an important perennial oil crop with an extremely long selection cycle of 10 to 12 years. As such, any tool that speeds up its genetic improvement process, such as marker-assisted breeding is invaluable. Previously, genetic linkage maps based on AFLP, RFLP and SSR markers were developed and QTLs for fatty acid composition and yield components identified. High density genetic maps of crosses of different genetic backgrounds are indispensable tools for investigating oil palm genetics. They are also useful for comparative mapping analyses to identify markers closely linked to traits of interest. RESULTS: A 4.5 K customized oil palm SNP array was developed using the Illumina Infinium platform. The SNPs and 252 SSRs were genotyped on two mapping populations, an intraspecific cross with 87 palms and an interspecific cross with 108 palms. Parental maps with 16 linkage groups (LGs), were constructed for the three fruit forms of E. guineensis (dura, pisifera and tenera). Map resolution was further increased by integrating the dura and pisifera maps into an intraspecific integrated map with 1,331 markers spanning 1,867 cM. We also report the first map of a Colombian E. oleifera, comprising 10 LGs with 65 markers spanning 471 cM. Although not very dense due to the high level of homozygosity in E. oleifera, the LGs were successfully integrated with the LGs of the tenera map. Direct comparison between the parental maps identified 603 transferable markers polymorphic in at least two of the parents. Further analysis revealed a high degree of marker transferability covering 1,075 cM, between the intra- and interspecific integrated maps. The interspecific cross displayed higher segregation distortion than the intraspecific cross. However, inclusion of distorted markers in the genetic maps did not disrupt the marker order and no map expansion was observed. CONCLUSIONS: The high density SNP and SSR-based genetic maps reported in this paper have greatly improved marker density and genome coverage in comparison with the first reference map based on AFLP and SSR markers. Therefore, it is foreseen that they will be more useful for fine mapping of QTLs and whole genome association mapping studies in oil pal

Author Correction: Mimicking immune signatures of flavivirus infection with targeted adjuvants improves dengue subunit vaccine immunogenicity (npj Vaccines, (2019), 4, 1, (27), 10.1038/s41541-019-0119-3)

10.1038/s41541-019-0140-6npj Vaccines414